What is in Our Drinking Water? Latest Research and Health Impacts

Clean drinking water is essential for good health, but recent studies reveal that our tap water might not be as pure as we think. If you’ve ever wondered “What is in our drinking water?”, the answer is more complex than just H2O. Here’s a detailed look at the latest research on contaminants found in tap water and their potential health risks.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

One of the most concerning answers to “What is in our drinking water?” is PFAS, also known as "forever chemicals." These persistent substances are found in a wide range of consumer products, including non-stick cookware, waterproof clothing, and food packaging.

Latest Findings:

• A study by the U.S. Geological Survey estimates that at least 45% of the nation’s tap water contains one or more types of PFAS. (Source)

• Linked to serious health issues, including cancer, liver damage, and reduced fertility, PFAS are a growing concern for water safety.

Regulatory Actions:

In response to the widespread contamination, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has implemented stricter limits on six of the most dangerous PFAS compounds. This initiative aims to improve public health by minimizing exposure through drinking water. (Source)

Unregulated Industrial Contaminants

While PFAS are widely recognized, other industrial chemicals lurking in tap water are less known but equally concerning.

What’s Found in Our Drinking Water?

• Recent analysis of EPA data from 2013 to 2015 indicates that nearly one-third of Americans have been exposed to unregulated contaminants, potentially impacting health.

• These chemicals are often byproducts of industrial manufacturing processes and can include volatile organic compounds, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.

• Hispanic and Black communities are disproportionately affected, highlighting environmental justice concerns. (Source)

Microplastics in Drinking Water

Another emerging concern when asking “What is in our drinking water?” is the presence of microplastics. These tiny particles are shed from plastic bottles, packaging, and synthetic clothing.

Health Implications:

While the long-term health effects of consuming microplastics are still under investigation, preliminary studies suggest potential risks, including:

• Hormonal disruption due to chemical additives in plastics.

• Digestive and respiratory irritation.

How to Reduce Exposure:

• Avoid microwaving food in plastic containers.

• Use glass or stainless-steel alternatives for food storage.

• Opt for reusable water bottles made of non-plastic materials, and make sure to have a high quality water filter. (Source)

Emerging Contaminants: Chloronitramide Anion

New research has also identified a previously unknown chemical byproduct called the chloronitramide anion in drinking water.

What is It?

• This compound forms during water disinfection processes, particularly when chlorine reacts with certain organic materials.

• Found in the tap water of approximately 113 million Americans, its long-term toxicity is still under investigation. (Source)

How to Protect Yourself: Filtration and Safety Measures

Given the growing list of contaminants, it’s essential to take proactive steps to ensure water safety.

Effective Filtration Methods:

1. Activated Carbon Filters: Effective at removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and chlorine byproducts.

2. Reverse Osmosis Systems: Highly effective at filtering out heavy metals, PFAS, and other industrial chemicals.

3. Ion Exchange Systems: A newer, low-cost PFAS filtration technology uses natural zeolite materials to efficiently remove these persistent chemicals. (Source)

Regulatory Progress:

The EPA’s updated regulations on PFAS are a significant step forward in reducing exposure to these toxic chemicals. This regulatory action reflects growing public awareness and concern about “what is in our drinking water?” (Source)

Why Knowing What’s in Our Drinking Water Matters

Understanding “what is in our drinking water?” isn’t just about curiosity—it’s a matter of health and safety. The contaminants found in tap water can have long-term health impacts, ranging from hormonal imbalances to cancer.

Take Action:

• Test Your Water: Use a certified home water testing kit to identify contaminants.

• Choose the Right Filter: Not all filters are created equal; choose one designed to remove specific contaminants in your local water supply.

• Stay Informed: Keep up-to-date with local water quality reports and new research on water contaminants.

So, what is in our drinking water? The answer is increasingly complex, with contaminants ranging from PFAS and microplastics to newly discovered byproducts like chloronitramide anion. The latest research underscores the need for stricter regulations, advanced filtration technologies, and public awareness.

By understanding what’s really in our drinking water and taking proactive measures, you can protect your health and well-being.